Bone Abstracts

Tibial dysplasia, which leads to fracture and pseudarthrosis, occurs in around 4% of children with NF1, and also in children with no underlying disorder. Pseudarthrosis of the fibular may or may not be present, or as an isolated entity, as can pseudarthrosis in the forearm (rare). Other bone problems faced by individuals with NF1 are scoliosis (20%), pectus excavatum/carinatum (12%), and sphenoid wing dysplasia (7%). Dural ectasia and plexiform neurofibromas can also affect th...

Prof. David Little received his Medical Degree from the University of Sydney where he is Conjoint Professor of Paediatrics and Child Health, specialising in Orthopaedic Surgery. Prof. D Little is Head of Orthopaedic Research and Biotechnology at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, part of the Sydney Children’s Hospital Network. He has broad clinical interests in Children’s Orthopaedi...

Mechanosenstitive osteocytes in bone supress the local production of sclerostin in response to mechanical loading, to increase osteoblast differentiation and bone mass. In addition, sclerostin is secreted from osteocytes into the circulation. Serum sclerostin has been shown to correlate with osteoporosis and low bone mass, however there is limited evidence by which to determine whether serum sclerostin is acting either a biomark...

Introduction: Activated protein C (APC) plays an important role in the cutaneous healing of chronic wounds arising from orthopaedic surgery and has cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties which may also assist bone repair. The aim of this study was to examine whether APC could directly influence osteoblasts and increase bone formation in a rodent model.Methods: Proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast-like cells was quantified by MTT assay and direct co...

Introduction: Bisphosphonate treatment in children with osteogenesis imperfecta reduces bone catabolism and relies on modelling to form new bone. An anabolic treatment, anti-sclerostin antibody (Anti-SOST Ab), is being investigated in clinical trials. We hypothesized that combined treatment may produce superior outcomes in OI.Methods: Female Col1a2 G610C mice and their wild type littermates (WT) were treated from week 5 to week 9 of life with either sali...

Objectives: While local gene therapy for bone applications has shown some success in preclinical models, systemic delivery of transgenes to the skeleton remains a considerable challenge. Viral vectors such as adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have great potential as vectors for systemic transgene delivery and may be adapted for emerging gene editing technologies. Furthermore, AAV vectors can have high efficiency, low immunogenicity, and selective tropism towards different tissue...

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Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder with an incidence of 1/3000. Inactivating mutations in the NF1 gene cause Ras-MEK overstimulation, and predisposes NF1 patients to cancer. A new generation of MEK inhibitors (PD0325901 and AZD6244) are under clinical trials in cancer patients, including NF1 patients. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia is a major complication for NF1 patients, and associates with loss-of-heterozygosity of the NF1 gene. The primary aim of ...

Recent studies have demonstrated that the global or osteoblast-specific deletion of neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor (Y1R), as well as the pharmacological blockade of Y1R, leads to pronounced anabolic effects in bone metabolism. This suggests that anti-Y1R drug therapy might have clinical applications for the prevention/recovery of bone loss occurring in osteoporosis. Given the high fracture incidence in this target population, it remained...

Introduction: Perthes disease (PD), idiopathic femoral head avascular necrosis, often results in deformity. The underlying cause is unclear and long-term function is directly related to the roundness of femoral head. Current treatment include mechanical treatments and various surgical procedures, which are therapeutic but can’t prevent collapse. A multicentre, prospective, randomised controlled trial of 12 months zoledronic acid (ZA) in children with PD was conducted. We ...